中國(guó)儲(chǔ)能網(wǎng)訊：如今，電網(wǎng)運(yùn)營(yíng)和商業(yè)模式正處在真正的轉(zhuǎn)型期。因此，公用事業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)面臨著不斷變化的社會(huì)、商業(yè)和技術(shù)動(dòng)態(tài)的壓力。
咨詢(xún)與系統(tǒng)集成機(jī)構(gòu)BRIDGE能源集團(tuán)發(fā)布了“2017年公用事業(yè)行業(yè)電網(wǎng)現(xiàn)代化調(diào)查”，這是該公司對(duì)電網(wǎng)現(xiàn)代化工作進(jìn)行專(zhuān)項(xiàng)調(diào)查的第三年，主要調(diào)查電網(wǎng)現(xiàn)代化取得的進(jìn)展和面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。今年的調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示，北美地區(qū)公用事業(yè)公司的員工超過(guò)2萬(wàn)名，與2016年的調(diào)查結(jié)果相比增加了11％，其中公用事業(yè)公司制定了電網(wǎng)現(xiàn)代化計(jì)劃，91％的受訪者表示他們清楚地了解相關(guān)收益和目標(biāo)成果。
“電網(wǎng)現(xiàn)代化現(xiàn)在是主流，是公用事業(yè)戰(zhàn)略的積極組成部分，推動(dòng)了監(jiān)管政策和公用事業(yè)商業(yè)模式的廣泛變革，并要求對(duì)新的實(shí)時(shí)技術(shù)和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施進(jìn)行投資。”BRIDGE集團(tuán)電網(wǎng)運(yùn)營(yíng)實(shí)踐副總裁Mike Bianco說(shuō)?！拔覀兒芨吲d看到，公用事業(yè)戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)與所需能力和有利技術(shù)的清晰映射，為利益相關(guān)者的整合和投資規(guī)劃提供了明確的價(jià)值。”
電網(wǎng)現(xiàn)代化2017年BRIDGE指數(shù)公用事業(yè)行業(yè)調(diào)查還顯示，84％的公用事業(yè)公司正在探索新的商業(yè)模式，而維持或提高可靠性是公用事業(yè)電網(wǎng)現(xiàn)代化工作的重中之重。
部署高級(jí)配電管理系統(tǒng)（ADMS）
BRIDGE集團(tuán)表示，高級(jí)配電管理系統(tǒng)（ADMS）是使分布式能源（DER）集成和控制成為電網(wǎng)現(xiàn)代化的關(guān)鍵能力。ADMS的廣泛采用以及互操作性的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和監(jiān)管政策的進(jìn)步將有助于加速電網(wǎng)現(xiàn)代化?！?
太平洋天然氣和電力公司（PG＆E）在加利福尼亞州圣何塞的示范項(xiàng)目就是一個(gè)例子，旨在評(píng)估如何通過(guò)電網(wǎng)管理技術(shù)來(lái)控制和協(xié)調(diào)用戶(hù)使用的太陽(yáng)能儲(chǔ)能和/或智能逆變器。
PG＆E正在尋求獲得關(guān)于高級(jí)配電管理系統(tǒng)（ADMS）和分布式能源（DER）如何協(xié)同工作以提供高度分布式能源（DER）使用案例的解決方案的數(shù)據(jù)。
該示范項(xiàng)目的一個(gè)主要目標(biāo)是評(píng)估分布式能源管理系統(tǒng)（DERMS）在多大程度上提高電網(wǎng)的穩(wěn)定性和電能質(zhì)量，以及隨著越來(lái)越多的客戶(hù)采用太陽(yáng)能和儲(chǔ)能來(lái)優(yōu)化太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電和電力系統(tǒng)潮流管理。
根據(jù)PG＆E公司的說(shuō)法，“圣何塞的分布式能源（DER）示范項(xiàng)目是一個(gè)代表智能電網(wǎng)的形態(tài)，以及在未來(lái)越來(lái)越普遍的能源存儲(chǔ)、智能逆變器、太陽(yáng)能、電動(dòng)汽車(chē)和其他分布式能源的一個(gè)縮影。為此，該項(xiàng)目幫助PG＆E了解安全可靠地運(yùn)行未來(lái)電網(wǎng)所需的人員、過(guò)程和技術(shù)。”
BRIDGE集團(tuán)的調(diào)查也表明，微電網(wǎng)是公用事業(yè)電網(wǎng)現(xiàn)代化工作的重要組成部分，這有助于提高一組客戶(hù)（如饋線或變電站）的可靠性和彈性;整合分布式發(fā)電，以及提高關(guān)鍵客戶(hù)的可靠性和彈性。
新的業(yè)務(wù)模式和電網(wǎng)分析
電網(wǎng)現(xiàn)代化不僅適用于新技術(shù)和資源的整合，也適用于創(chuàng)建新的業(yè)務(wù)模式和服務(wù)。
“公用事業(yè)公司正在探索各種各樣的新業(yè)務(wù)模式。為了做好充分準(zhǔn)備，公用事業(yè)公司必須清楚地了解目前能力的全部深度及其戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)?！盉RIDGE集團(tuán)說(shuō)。
公用事業(yè)正在探索的一些新的商業(yè)模式包括：
?提供不受管制的能源服務(wù)附屬公司
?考慮創(chuàng)建一個(gè)提供不受管制的能源服務(wù)的企業(yè)
?試驗(yàn)分布式能源和/或微電網(wǎng)的實(shí)施和所有權(quán)
?開(kāi)發(fā)成為分布式系統(tǒng)平臺(tái)供應(yīng)商或集成平臺(tái)的能力
?探索從傳統(tǒng)交付業(yè)務(wù)過(guò)渡到績(jī)效管理
未來(lái)的數(shù)字電網(wǎng)將更多地依靠信息來(lái)提高電網(wǎng)可靠性、能源可承受性和客戶(hù)選擇。
BRIDGE集團(tuán)指出，分析是發(fā)掘數(shù)字電網(wǎng)潛力的關(guān)鍵，并且必須成為任何成功的電網(wǎng)現(xiàn)代化戰(zhàn)略的一部分。并指出，97％的受訪者預(yù)計(jì)電網(wǎng)分析將因電網(wǎng)現(xiàn)代化的計(jì)劃而增加。
影響電網(wǎng)現(xiàn)代化舉措的頂級(jí)實(shí)施問(wèn)題
根據(jù)調(diào)查的結(jié)果，影響計(jì)劃和正在進(jìn)行的電網(wǎng)現(xiàn)代化舉措主要面臨兩個(gè)主要挑戰(zhàn)，即：相關(guān)系統(tǒng)/數(shù)據(jù)的整合以及與當(dāng)前系統(tǒng)/工具的局限性。
BRIDGE集團(tuán)指出，大多數(shù)公用事業(yè)公司沒(méi)有很好地記錄或理解良好的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)、數(shù)據(jù)流程或數(shù)據(jù)治理。
“公用事業(yè)公司努力在企業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)模型中找到合適的位置，以便將物聯(lián)網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)放在合適的位置。市場(chǎng)上只有大約一半的公用事業(yè)已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)移到面向服務(wù)的體系結(jié)構(gòu)（SOA），可以很容易地集成物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備、服務(wù)和數(shù)據(jù)。傳統(tǒng)的點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)和硬連線集成技術(shù)不能很好地處理異步。間歇?？勺兏袷降募?。”BRIDGE能源集團(tuán)表示，“在某些情況下，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)已經(jīng)到位（IPv6，mDNS，AMQP等），但很多仍在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)領(lǐng)域發(fā)展。目前具有足夠的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為物聯(lián)網(wǎng)集成提供了良好的基礎(chǔ)，然而，大多數(shù)公用事業(yè)公司在其組織內(nèi)還沒(méi)有定義，采用和實(shí)施成熟的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（IPv6，IEC61850，CIM等）。因此需要實(shí)施強(qiáng)有力的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)定義、生命周期和治理流程，以便公用事業(yè)部門(mén)的技術(shù)社區(qū)能夠就生產(chǎn)的用途、使用的內(nèi)容以及即將到來(lái)的內(nèi)容達(dá)成一致意見(jiàn)?！?
對(duì)當(dāng)前系統(tǒng)/工具的限制
數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量：數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量是隱藏在大多數(shù)傳統(tǒng)系統(tǒng)角落的小秘密。隨著時(shí)間的推移和連續(xù)更新、升級(jí)和更改，數(shù)據(jù)可能會(huì)變得不完整、脫節(jié)和不準(zhǔn)確。
企業(yè)很少花時(shí)間來(lái)開(kāi)發(fā)和實(shí)施數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量、數(shù)據(jù)審查或數(shù)據(jù)清理應(yīng)用程序/功能，以確保數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量。對(duì)下游的影響是，其他傳統(tǒng)系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)系統(tǒng)通過(guò)傳遞質(zhì)量差的數(shù)據(jù)加劇了這個(gè)問(wèn)題，并經(jīng)常附加額外的數(shù)據(jù)。
?物聯(lián)網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)有可能產(chǎn)生與傳統(tǒng)系統(tǒng)相同的數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量問(wèn)題，但時(shí)間要短得多。物聯(lián)網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)傳統(tǒng)上很少由擁有實(shí)體，應(yīng)用程序或供應(yīng)商管理，因此數(shù)據(jù)有機(jī)會(huì)容易和頻繁地被錯(cuò)誤解讀。
?現(xiàn)有的軟件配置和管理工具集具有有限的功能，很難“接觸”物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備。
這限制了基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和安全人員對(duì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備特性和性能的可見(jiàn)性。這也限制了他們管理這些設(shè)備及其性能的能力。隨著配置管理工具集（Service Now，SmartFrog等）在這個(gè)領(lǐng)域的成熟，這個(gè)問(wèn)題預(yù)計(jì)將會(huì)減少，設(shè)備所有者與設(shè)備服務(wù)的用戶(hù)之間的合作協(xié)議將成為主流。
“系統(tǒng)集成和工具限制是阻礙電網(wǎng)現(xiàn)代化項(xiàng)目效益實(shí)現(xiàn)的最常見(jiàn)的挑戰(zhàn)。利用與特定實(shí)用工具和跨供應(yīng)商經(jīng)驗(yàn)的資源，可以快速克服這些問(wèn)題，達(dá)到預(yù)期的業(yè)務(wù)目標(biāo)?！盉RIDGE集團(tuán)總結(jié)說(shuō)。
Reliability remains top priority in grid modernisation efforts
26 December 2017
The electric grid operations and business model are in a state of genuine transition. As a result, utility organisations are faced with increasing pressure from changing social, business and technological dynamics.
Consulting and systems integration company BRIDGE Energy Group, released its 2017 Utility Industry Grid Modernisation Survey, marking the third year the company has surveyed utilities specifically on grid modernisation efforts, the progress made and the challenges they face. This year’s survey, reaching over 20,000 utility employees throughout North America, reveals an 11% increase over 2016 survey results, of utility companies developing a grid modernisation plan – with 91% of the respondents indicating they clearly understand the associated benefits and targeted outcomes.
“Grid modernisation is now mainstream and an active part of utility strategy driving a broad spectrum of changes in regulatory policy and the utility business model, and requiring investments in new real-time technologies and infrastructure,” said Mike Bianco, VP, Grid Operations Practice at BRIDGE.
“We are encouraged to see that a clear mapping of utility strategic goals to required capabilities and enabling technologies is providing clear value in stakeholder alignment and investment planning.”
The 2017 BRIDGE Index Utility Industry Survey on Grid Modernisation also revealed that 84% of responding utilities are exploring new business models; and that maintaining or improving reliability is a top priority in utility grid modernisation efforts.
Deployment of ADMS
Advanced Distribution Management Systems (ADMS), says BRIDGE, are “enabling distributed energy resource (DER) integration and control, a key capability of grid modernisation. Broad adoption of ADMS, as well as advancements in interoperability standards and regulatory policy will help accelerate grid modernisation.”
An example is Pacific Gas & Electric’s (PG&E) demonstration project in San Jose, California, aimed at evaluating how energy storage and/ or smart inverters used with customer-sited solar can be controlled and coordinated through grid management technology.
PG&E is seeking to obtain data on how DERMS and the DERs can work together to provide solutions for high DER penetration use cases.
One major goal of the demonstration is to evaluate to what extent distributed energy resource management system (DERMS) technology enhances the stability and power quality of the grid as well as optimizes solar generation and power-flow management as more customers adopt solar and energy storage.
According to PG&E, “ The distributed energy resource (DER) demonstration projects in San Jose represents a microcosm of what the smart grid will look like and how it will operate in the future when energy storage, smart inverters, solar, electric vehicles and other distributed energy resources will become increasingly prevalent and seemingly ubiquitous.
“To that end this project helps PG&E learn about the people, processes and technologies required to safely and reliably operate the grid of the future.” Reponses to the BRIDGE survey also indicated that microgrids form a key part of utility grid modernisation efforts, which assists in 1) improving reliability and resilience for a group of customers (e.g. a feeder or substation); 2) integrating distributed generation and 3) improving reliability and resilience for critical customers.
New business models and grid analytics
Grid modernisation not only lends itself toward the integration of new technologies and resources, but also toward the creation of new business models and services.
“Utilities are clearly exploring new business models across a diverse range of options.
To adequately prepare, utilities must clearly understand the full depths of their current capabilities as well as their strategic goals,” says BRIDGE.
Some of the new business models being explored by utilities include:
? Affiliate company providing unregulated energy services
? Considering creating a business to provide unregulated energy services
? Experimenting with implementation and ownership of distributed energy resources and/or microgrids
? Developing capabilities to become a distributed systems platform provider or Integration Platform
? Exploring a transition to performance based regulation for our traditional delivery business
The digital grid of the future will rely more heavily on information to improve grid reliability, energy affordability and customer choice. Analytics is key to unlocking the potential of the digital grid and must be part of any successful grid modernisation strategy, says BRIDGE, noting that 97% of survey respondents expect an increase in grid analytics from and for their grid modernisation plans.
Top implementation issues impacting grid modernisation initiatives
According to survey’s findings, there are two primary challenges impacting planned and ongoing grid modernisation initiatives, namely: the integration of related systems/data and limitations with current systems/tools.
BRIDGE points out that most utilities do not have well documented or well understood data structures, data processes or data governance in place.
“They [utilities] struggle to identify the appropriate place within the enterprise data model that IoT data should be placed.
“Only about half of the utilities in the market have moved to a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) that readily enables integration of IoT devices, services, and data. Legacy point-to-point and hard-wired integration techniques do not handle asynchronous, intermittent, variable format integrations well,” says BRIDGE Energy Group.
“Standards are in some cases in place (IPv6, mDNS, AMQP, etc.) but many are still evolving in the IoT space. There are enough [standards] in place to provide a good foundation for IoT integration; however most utilities have still not defined, adopted and enforced mature standards (IPv6, IEC61850, CIM, etc.) within their organisations. A robust standards definition, lifecycle and governance process needs to be implemented so the technical community within utilities can agree on what’s used for production, what’s used for pilots, and what’s coming on the horizon.”
Limitations with current systems/tools
Data Quality: data quality is the dirty little secret lurking in the corner of most legacy systems. Over time and successive updates, upgrades and changes the data can become incomplete, disjointed and flat out inaccurate.
Rarely is the time spent to develop and implement data quality, data vetting or data scrubbing applications/functions to ensure data quality. The downstream effects are that other systems which relay on data from the legacy system exacerbate the problem by passing on the poor quality data and often attach additional data to it.
? IoT systems have the potential to create the same data quality issues that legacy systems do but in a much shorter timeframe. IoT systems are traditionally ‘less managed’ by an owning entity, application or vendor and therefore the data has the opportunity to be misinterpreted easily and frequently.
? Existing software configuration and management toolsets have limited functionality and ‘reach’ into IoT devices.
This limits the visibility that infrastructure and security personnel may have into IoT device characteristics and performance.
It also limits their ability to manage those devices and their performance. This issue is expected to lessen as configuration management toolsets (Service Now, SmartFrog, etc.) mature in this space and cooperative agreements between deviceowners and device-service-users become mainstream.
“Systems integration and tools limitations are the most common challenges impeding Grid Modernisation project benefits realization.
Leveraging resources with utility-specific and cross-vendor experience can quickly overcome these issues to achieve desired business objectives,” concludes BRIDGE. MI
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