中國儲能網(wǎng)訊：美國能源部正在通過提供補(bǔ)償激勵和引入資本投資等政策來降低長時(shí)儲能技術(shù)的成本，達(dá)到推動該技術(shù)的商業(yè)化起飛和可復(fù)制性，以達(dá)到的目的。
一位聯(lián)邦能源官員周五表示，隨著美國能源部尋求促進(jìn)長時(shí)儲能的商業(yè)化，100多家技術(shù)提供商正在長時(shí)儲能的市場上競爭。
More than 100 technology providers are competing in the long-duration energy storage market as the U.S. Department of Energy seeks to boost commercialization, a federal energy official said Friday.
美國能源部負(fù)責(zé)電力的助理部長吉恩·羅德里格斯（Gene Rodrigues）表示，到2050年，約460 GW的長時(shí)儲能可以通過降低電網(wǎng)運(yùn)營成本和避免支出200 GW的化石燃料發(fā)電資產(chǎn)來滿足峰值需求的方式，達(dá)到實(shí)現(xiàn)100億至200億美元的成本節(jié)省。
Gene Rodrigues, assistant secretary for electricity at the U.S. Department of Energy, said about 460 GW of long-duration energy storage by 2050 could deliver $10 billion to $20 billion in cost savings from reduced operating costs on the grid and avoiding capital spending for a build-out of 200 GW of fossil fuel generating assets that might otherwise be needed to meet peak demand.
他在美國能源部的一次名為“商業(yè)起飛之路”的系列談?wù)摰木W(wǎng)絡(luò)演講上說：“這不是一個大事件，而是一個巨大的事件?！?
“That’s not a big deal. That’s a huge deal,” he said at a DOE web-based presentation discussing the agency’s series, “Pathways To Commercial Liftoff.”
三月份的報(bào)告為商業(yè)化長時(shí)儲能、先進(jìn)核反應(yīng)堆、清潔氫和碳管理制定了路線圖。該機(jī)構(gòu)表示，這些報(bào)告旨在幫助行業(yè)、投資者和其他利益相關(guān)者就削減電力行業(yè)溫室氣體排放所需的新興技術(shù)做出決定。
The March reports chart pathways to commercialize long-duration storage, advanced nuclear reactors, clean hydrogen and carbon management. The agency said the reports are intended to help industry, investors and other stakeholders make decisions about the emerging technologies needed to slash greenhouse gas emissions from the power sector.
美國能源部清潔能源示范辦公室主任大衛(wèi)·克蘭（David Crane）在周五的演示中表示，拓展長時(shí)儲能的努力將“由私營部門主導(dǎo)，并由政府提供支持”?！镀痫w》報(bào)告稱，每年50美元（合356.7元RMB）/KW至75美元（合535元RMB）/KW的資源充足性補(bǔ)償或監(jiān)管估值將激勵長時(shí)儲能的私人融資。報(bào)告又稱，其他政策和監(jiān)管機(jī)制，如股權(quán)割讓和碳支付，將減少對直接補(bǔ)償?shù)男枨蟆?
David Crane, director of DOE’s Office of Clean Energy Demonstrations, said during Friday’s presentation that efforts to broaden LDES will “be private sector-led and government enabled.” The Liftoff report said $50/kW to $75/kW per year in resource adequacy compensation or regulatory valuation would motivate private financing for long-duration storage. Other policy and regulatory mechanisms, such as carve-outs and carbon payments, would reduce the need for direct compensation, the report said.
他說：“我們展示這些項(xiàng)目的同時(shí)，也應(yīng)該著眼于確保項(xiàng)目的可復(fù)制性，不僅是技術(shù)的可復(fù)制性，也包括商業(yè)上的可復(fù)制性?！?
“As we demonstrate these projects we’re also supposed to be looking to ensure replicability of the projects,” he said. “Not just technology replicability but commercial replicability.”
技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)型辦公室的項(xiàng)目分析師史蒂芬·亨德里克森（Stephen Hendrickson）表示，美國能源部將長時(shí)儲能定義為10至160小時(shí)的電力調(diào)度。長時(shí)儲能需要公共和私人投資來降低成本，提高技術(shù)性能和市場干預(yù)，以補(bǔ)償長時(shí)儲能提供的服務(wù)。
The DOE defines LDES as 10 to 160 hours of power dispatch, said Stephen Hendrickson, a program analyst in DOE’s Office of Technology Transitions. LDES requires public and private investment to drive down costs and improve technology performance and market interventions to compensate LDES for the service it provides.
亨德里克森稱“解決這些因素將使這項(xiàng)技術(shù)從凈零世界擴(kuò)展到工業(yè)級別”。
“Addressing these factors would allow the technology to scale to industrial level in a net-zero world,” Hendrickson said.
對于美國能源部來說，“起飛”是指私人資本可以接管，技術(shù)成本和運(yùn)營得到顯著改善，市場通過增加補(bǔ)償或其他方式充分認(rèn)識到長時(shí)儲能的全部價(jià)值，以及實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)規(guī)模的制造和部署能力。
To DOE, “l(fā)ift-off” occurs when private capital can take over as technology costs and operations improve significantly, the market recognizes LDES’s full value through increased compensation or other means, and industrial-scale manufacturing and deployment capacity are achieved.
根據(jù)美國能源部的報(bào)告，到2028至2030年期間，那時(shí)的技術(shù)成本必須相對于目前已知的領(lǐng)先長時(shí)儲能的技術(shù)成本再降低45%至55%。并且長時(shí)儲能技術(shù)的性能和使用壽命必須提高，才能與鋰離子儲能和氫儲能競爭。
Technology costs must decline by 45% to 55% by 2028 to 2030 relative to costs reported now by leading LDES technologies, and the performance and working lifetime of LDES technologies must improve to compete with lithium-ion storage and hydrogen, according to the DOE report.
美國能源部的報(bào)告稱，到2030年，日間長時(shí)儲能技術(shù)的成本必須從目前的1100美元（合7847元RMB）/千瓦至1400美元（合9987元RMB）/千瓦的范圍降至650美元（合4637元RMB）/千瓦。多日長時(shí)儲能技術(shù)必須在2030年前從目前的1900美元（合13554元RMB）/千瓦至2500美元（合17835元RMB）/千瓦的范圍降至1100美元（合7847元RMB）/千瓦。
By 2030, inter-day LDES technologies must reduce costs to $650/kW from the current range of $1,100/kW to 1,400/kW, the DOE report said. Multi-day technologies must improve to $1,100/kW by 2030 from a range of $1,900/kW to $2,500/kW now.
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翻譯：
張澤
比亞迪儲能及新型電池事業(yè)部
EKV（EnergyKnowledge Volunteer）計(jì)劃創(chuàng)始成員
